Friday, May 15, 2020

Importance of the Friars in Much Ado About Nothing and...

Importance of the Friars in Much Ado About Nothing and Measure for Measure In the plays Much Ado About Nothing and Measure for Measure, the friars are important instruments in their respective storyline because of their assumed pure intentions of using deception as a means to right the wrong-doing within the play. They have the authority to administer questionable plans of action because they are respected and trusted. The friars hear all of the confessions; therefore, they could know even the deepest of secrets. The friars, or Fathers take on a protective role, a paternal one. They seem to relate more with the youth, or the wronged, who become like children needing guidance in their vulnerable states. When the parents, or as in†¦show more content†¦In a most God-like manner, Friar Francis is concocting a sketchy plan to bring together two lovers who, otherwise, were denied their rights by the treachery of Don Juan. Measure for Measure follows the same theme with a twist because in this instance Friar Lodowick is really the Duke, Vincentio. His role in this play is a little problematic because he is not really a clergyman, but he seems to try to set things right. As the friar, he convinces the Provost (4.2) to deceive Angelo and not hang Claudio, but to send him the head of another prisoner. By using his religious authority to control Angelo he said, By the vow of mine order, I warrant you, if my instructions may be your guide, let this Barnardine be this morning executed, and his head borne to Angelo (4.2.156-58). Another death-will-convince-the-deceived ploy concocted by a friar, the holy man. Another form of deceit in this play is Isabella and Marianas deception of Angelo, as planned by the Friar. The Duke has them think that this is the best way to save Claudio and to reestablish Marianas engagement contract with Angelo, which he never honored, With Angelo tonight shall lie/ His old betrothed but despised. / So disguise shall, by th disguised, / Pay with falsehood false exacting, / And perform an old contracting (3.1.498-502). It is even stated that Mariana would only go

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

History of Social Work - 18530 Words

S.Rengasamy Madurai Institute of Social Sciences Compiled by S.Rengasamy-History of Social Welfare / Social Work Contents History of Social Welfare/ Social Work ..........................................................................................................................3 The need to understand history of social work .............................................................................................................3 Framework to understand History of Social Welfare / Social Work ..............................................................................4 Understanding History through Historical Phases†¦show more content†¦......................................................................................................................................................20 3 ..............................................................................................................................................................................23 4 .......................................................................................................................... ....................................................24 Celebrating Social Welfare / Work Pioneers ..............................................................................................................25 Elizabeth Gurney Fry ...............................................................................................................................................25 Octavia Hill ..............................................................................................................................................................26 Arnold Toynbee ......................................................................................................................................................27 Jane Addams ...........................................................................................................................................................28 MaryShow MoreRelatedHistory of Social Work1714 Words   |  7 PagesThe development of Social Work in the United Kingdom, United States and Australia has developed and evolved, influencing people and professionals across the world. 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While social work was first started in Amsterdam and later introduced in the United States in the late 1800’s, other countries are starting to develop social work practice more recently (Zastrow, 2010). At the completion of multiple decades of war, Vietnam could start implementing social work practice. It is important for foreigners who plan to work in Vietnam to be aware of the history ofRead MoreSocial Work As A Practice And The History Of The Reformers That Helped Create The Very Career Itself Essay1007 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper will include a description of social work as a practice and the history of the reformers that helped create the very career itself. In this section, I will include topics such as the mission, goals, and purpose of a social worker and attributes of the profession. Next, I will discuss the definition and the elements of General Practice in the field. This section will includ e examples from the lifestyle paper written previously in the year. For this paper, I was required to visit a placeRead MoreDiscipline and Punish: a Critical Review. This Is a Summary of Michel Foucaults Seminal Work on the History of Criminal Punishment and Social Discipline as It Transformed from Punitive to Correctional Models During the2913 Words   |  12 Pages------------------------------------------------- Discipline and Punish: a critical review ------------------------------------------------- This is a summary of Michel Foucaults seminal work on the history of criminal punishment and social discipline as it transformed from punitive to correctional models during the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------Read MoreKarl Marx s Theories Of History And The Theory Of Human Nature Essay1714 Words   |  7 Pageswill aim to discuss and determine with reference to Marx’s deterministic theory of history and the theory of human nature, if human beings are essentially the product of socioeconomic forces. In addition to one criticism of his theory of human nature. Firstly, this paper will explain Karl Marx’s deterministic theory of history and the theory of human nature. According to Karl Marx’s deterministic theory of history, human society is determined by the material conditions. Marx was heavily influenced

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Abortion Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Abortion Persuasive Essay Im late for my period. Ive never had sex willingly. Oh God I hope it wasnt from that night. How can I live with myself or tell some one my secret. No one will believe me, it was my own boyfriend. Its my fault anyway, I shouldve wanted to have sex, he told me we were going to get married. Where is he now? He said hell love me forever, I need him by my side. I think Im going to take the test. I cant be pregnant! How can I explain to the child that I dont want it. I have major plans like college and meeting my Prince Charming. I dont want to have a kid, especially since its face is going to remind me of the worst night of my life. I cant be pregnant Im only 18 years old. I have college to go to next year, Im not even with Bill anymore. NO! STOP!!! PLEASE STOP!!!! I cried as this man took me into his world, one in which I know I didnt belong. ATLEAST PUT A CONDOM ON!! WHO ARE YOU? WHY ARE YOU DOING THIS TO ME? PLEASE STOP!!!! I kept crying and he was in such rage and had such determination that I would succomb to his ways and enjoy the most horrible experience of my life. So, Im going to take a pregnancy test. I pray Im not pregnent. I cant imagine telling anyone. They know I dont believe in premarital sex. I still consider myself a virgin. Ive never told anyone about that night, so if I just end up pregnant, who is going to believe me? I hope my mom stays by myside, I know she is going to be outraged. I hope Bill will put it his two cents in, should I even tell him? Abortions are legal in my state. It seems like a reasonable thing to do. I dont want to kill my baby or throw him away in the dumpster. I would put it up for adoption, but every morning and night for the next nine months I am going to relive that horrible night. Roe v. Wade was based on this case. In 1973, The state of Texas had outlawed abortions. The Supreme Court declared the law unconstitutional, but refused to order an injuction againts the state. On January 22, 1973, The Supreme Court voted the right to privacy including abortions. In, 1976 Parenthood v. Danforth (Missouri) ruled th at requiring consent by the husband and the consent from a parend if a person was under 18 was unconstitutional. This case supported a womans control over her own body and reproductive system. Justice William Brennan stated: If the right to privacy means anything, it is the right of the individual, married or single, to be free from unwanted governmental intrusion into matters so fundamentally affecting a person as the decision to bear or beget a child. Abortion is one of the most controversial issues in the world today. Everyone has their own individual opinion. I think Im going to debate the situation. Although, I dont want to be considered a whore or a murderer, I definately dont want to be considered a mother to a fatherless child. First before we get into the many sides of abortion we must first define abortion. Abortion is the destruction of the fetus or unborn child while the child is still in the mothers womb. This can be done by almost anyone from the mother herself to back alley abortions and even to abortions by clinics set up especially for this purpose. There are two sides to this abortion topic the PRO-LIFE which is those who are against abortion altogether and the PRO- CHOICE or those who believe it is the womans right to choose if she wants to have an abortion. These two groups offer different solutions to problem. The pro-life solution is to have the child and basically live with it. They believe abortion is not an answer. The pro-choice solution is abortion because of reasons they feel are appropriate. Although abortion is morally and ethically wrong should it be legal for victims of rape or incest who have no other alternative?

Sunday, April 12, 2020

South Africas Struggles Essays - Cry, The Beloved Country

South Africa's Struggles South Africa's Struggles Throughout Earth's history imperialism has done more harm that good, to the smaller overpowered territories. The greater more dominant nation would use and exploit the people and the land for their own use without much concern to the devastation it is causing to the land and the society of these territories. The native people of the land most often loose their traditional ways of life and are thrown into the ways and ideals of the dominating nation. However these people are usually taken advantage of and do not share the same equality in pay, jobs, and living standards as the people of the dominant nation. Such an example can be seen in Cry, The Beloved Country written by Alan Paton in 1946. This novel is talks about the deteriorating state the South African people and their land is in, caused by modernization from the British society. Stephen Kumalo, a priest, is brought to the city of Johannesburg from his simple country life, to seek the fates of his lost family members. IN the great city he sees for the first time how imperialism has affect his people, their land, and their society as a whole for the worst. Imperialism has caused much devastation in South Africa and the only way to salvation is for the people of South Africa to regain control over their own land, society, and lives. The deteriorating situation that Imperialism has caused on South Africa can be seen throughout the land. South Africa use to be a land of beauty where even "the ground is holy" (3) and the people of the land use to be part of it, treating it with respect. After the Imperial nations began to settle in South Africa, the abuse and rape of the land and its people began. The land is "not kept,.. or cared for" anymore and a "sickness of the land" (22) is poisoning everything from and of the land. They build and alter the land as many times as they can to create roads, pollution, waste, and great cities. However these great cities that the great imperial Empires built is any nothing but great cities of chaos where "you can see liquor running in the streets" (23) and "there was much prostitution" (45).. Sin and evilness flood the streets and allies. The land is becoming more desecrated as more and more people flee from their traditional lives and become another victim of this great imperial illness that is spreading throughout the land. Yet this imperial illness is allowed to continue throughout the land because the people are afraid to stand up and find a cure to this illness. Much or Africa's population is in a state of "sleep" (184) caused by the fear of the man. This fear that is cast upon them prevents them to awaken and "rise... with thoughts of rebellion and dominion" (184). Kumalo believes that in order to remove this fear they must take action and show the people they are not afraid anymore. They must arise and strike (185) by not continuing to work in the mines. For their pride and honor is better than the"wages" (185) that they receive from working for the people who oppress them. By closing down the mines they will create fear back to their oppressors. Once the mine owners see the "thoughts of rebellion" (184) of the mine works and discover they can no longer cause fear among the workers, their power to control them will fade away. Without this power of control they will become uncertain as to what will happen to them and it will "spread to every kind of industry"(189). However unity among all of the workers must first be established. The people must be able to unite and stand together without fear and declare for themselves that they will no longer surrender to this illness that has sicken them for so long. The cure to South Africa's illness is unity of both black and whites to retake what right fully belong to them, their land and society. As Kumalo is praying for the restoration of Ndorsheni, he realizes that for Ndorsheni and South Africa as whole to become free "men must come together" (229) and unite. They must "do something" (229) to regain what they have lost since they fell for Imperialism, and their lives were taken away. Both the chief and the white man must "hold the pieces together" (230) in order to begin the process of unity. Once they united they can work together to preserve what they have left and

Tuesday, March 10, 2020

Free Capital Budgeting Economics Essay Example

Free Capital Budgeting Economics Essay Example Capital Budgeting Essay Sample Introduction An organizations success is largely a reflection of the profit earned to its shareholders or its owners. This includes different managerial activities that are involved in the planning and regulating the firms financial resources. Financial management is concerned with the decisions involving the financing, dividend and investment. There are many objectives or goals that a firm strives. Increasing the market value of the firm to its shareholders and the owners is the most widely accepted objective for the owners. This phenomenon is termed as shareholder wealth maximization. The financing management includes the decision concerning the various sources of money, the allocation of fund and last but not the least the distribution of funds to the various sectors of an organization. The future of a company depends on its ability to generate more money that comprises of an enhanced cash flow and attracting more investments from the stakeholders. Each of the above said work is accomplished by the virtue of capital budgeting. In todays world, all the businesses look for any opportunity that will help multiplying the shareholders value. Capital management ensures that the firm takes suitable investment opportunities that will yield positive results and have good potential for return in future. Capital budgeting an overview Capital budgeting is a process that is used to ascertain whether a firms investments or the projects undertaken would be worth more to the business with respect to their cost perspective. The process of allocating budget to any investment opportunity or a project is very crucial, as they cannot be easily reversed once they are implemented (Peterson and Fabozzi, 2002). It is imperative for the managers to adopt the sound capital budgeting technique for future benefits, needless to mention that this method is helpful to safeguard companys funds from any loss as well. Funds are invested in both long term and short-term assets. Capital budgeting primarily concerns the investment in any long-term project or an asset. The asset can be tangible and or intangible item. Tangible items include property, setting up a new factory or plant or any equipment. Non tangible or intangible items includes investment in a new technology, processes through which an advanced software and products are created, patents, trademarks, various researches, designs, developments and testing are also considered as an intangible asset. Capital investments can be differentiated from the recurrent expenditure. The capital investment projects are in general large and their profits or the cash flow spreads over many years (Baker and English, 2011). The projects are much long lived as well. The return on these investments has an effect on the future cash flow to the company. They are thus the decisive factor regarding the future investment by the stakeholders and the risk associated with the cash flow. Firms should take up the project that has a good potential to enhance the cash flow and would have great influence on the business over a period. The capital budgeting processes plays an important and a critical role in shaping up the business and are related to the firms success or failure, to an extent. It measures the performance of the firm and builds the standard and parameter to gauge and analyze any investment opportunities with respect to the market (Baker and English, 2011). Businesses aim to enhance the wealth or aspire to increase the profit of the owners and the stakeholders. In order for this, the firm should take up all possible projects that will add value to the company. This whole process is accomplished by capital budgeting. It decides the financial desirability of the project (Garcia, 2009). It can also be described as the process, which distinguishes a positive project with the negative one. Here the term positive and negative refers to those projects that will be of utmost interest to the stakeholders and its owners. The project, which has the capacity to increase the cash flow to the company, is of tremendous interest to the owners and the stakeholders. In the capital budgeting process, the goal of the shareholder is given the utmost importance. Capital budgeting is the decision taken before allocating funds to any investment project The decision taken holds critical to the company as the project will affect the cash flow and the future investment by the stakeholders. This is vital for the organizations future, longevity and reputation in the market. In the capital budgeting, strategic processing or strategic planning can be considered as the reflection of the whole framework and functioning of the firm (Garcia, 2009). The identification of a sound proposed capital expenditure and an investment project is of utmost importance. The company should make sure that all the potential investment projects and proposals are thoroughly and effectively studied and decided upon. There should be no biasness while choosing the project, does not matter how much lucrative the project appears. The best of the investment project should be selected, tested and implemented. The management should be open to any idea or any suggestion coming from outside or inside the firm. The projects are first studied and analyzed by the analysts based on the managers expertise, experience and assumption. It is then passed over to the management for further consideration. The projects are then rejected or accepted based on the recommendation and suggestions by the analyst. There are several stages in the process of capital budgeting Strategic planning is the first and the foremost step towards the capital budgeting process. The corporate goal is converted into the desired policies, necessary directions that specify the tactical areas of business development towards achieving the goal. In a nutshell, a firms goal and aim is encapsulated in the companys strategic planning. The most important aspect of the capital budgeting process is the generation and choosing the suitable investment project (Graham, Smart and Megginson, 2010). The project should be in tandem with the companys goal, visions and long-term plans. The investment opportunity and the strategic planning of an organization go hand in hand. There are again some investments, which are mandatory in nature like the safety requirements, the health measures. Others are discretionary and are taken up in accordance with the suitable growth opportunities, competition in the market, cost-cutting measures and so on. These type of capital budgeting represents the strategic plan of the firm and can be changed or modulated as per the investment opportunity. In some firms, the research and development unit identifies and creates new and attractive investment opportunities (Peterson and Fabozzi, 2002). The managements job is to choose the investment project well suited for the company by screening and analyzing the facts and figures of the same. The investment opportunities are subjected to extensive financial screenings and appraisal to ascertain if it would be worth taking the project and if it can add value to the firm. This stage is termed as the qualitative analysis, project analysis or financial and economic appraisal phase. This phase predicts the future cash flow; the possible bottleneck associated with the cash flow, suggests an alternate solution in case of any problem and prepares estimates of the projects net present value. It takes in to account the forecasting techniques, the evaluation methods, risk analysis and other programming techniques. The application of a particular type of project requires some experience and knowledge For example- asset expansion projects, international investments require a particular expertise to accomplish and to exercise it. The result from the project analysis phase dictates and guides the project selection or investment decisions. When a project passes the quantitative test, it is further evaluated with respect to the qualitative factors. The qualitative factors cannot be gauged monetarily but will have an influence overall journey of project completion. For example- the attrition rate and the new hires, the effect of the governments rules and policies on the companies, the human resource, the labor union, the consumption and the availability of the raw material, possible legal problems with the brand name, impact of the project or the investment on the society are some of the qualitative factors. The management has to study and predict the negativity of these factors on the project and its future benefits. The management decides a suitable solution for any negative related to the project and suggests a possible solution for the same. In this endeavor a constant monitoring and study is required to ensure that a corrective action is taken, if necessary. Evaluation of the performance of the similar projects from past are also taken into studied. Last step is the post implementation audit which aids in the strategic planning and formation. For example, the positives and the negatives of the past projects result on the cash flow can provide suitable framework and working for the current one (Peterson and Fabozzi, 2002). Capital budgeting is also helpful in making marketing plans. The time of completion, the investment, the reason for undertaking such project (social, economical or financial reason) can be chalked out with the help of the capital budgeting process. The marketers can ascertain if the company needs to invest more in the sales force or in advertising. Capital budgeting is one of the crucial elements in business. One wrong decision can jeopardize the entire project and can result in wasting huge amount of money, if the investment results in an uneconomic act. Processes and techniques application and theory In a firm where there is a possibility of suggesting many potential investments or projects, choosing the right type and time is a challenge. There are two types of projects generally undertaken which are the independent projects and the mutually exclusive projects. In the independent projects, the cash flow bears no impact on the sanction or disqualifying the project. In the mutually exclusive, project the cost effect on another. Therefore, they cannot be taken up together. The factors influencing the acceptance or rejection of the project is the particular strategy of the firm, the time needed for its completion, other internal factors like human resources and investment or the fund allotted (Graham et al., 2010). Independent project can also be described as the one that has no relation with the other project being implemented or under investigation. For example- Buying a new Xerox machine and setting up a new factory. The mutually exclusive projects are those where the firm has the option of choosing among the two, for example- Buying Apple PC or Dell. In a mutually exclusive project, the firm chooses the one that would enhance the money value and thus the cash flow. For example- If the company has to choose between two coffee vending machine with two different installation charges and energy costs. Both the machines might be in a way are contributing to increase the cash flow but the firm has to choose and decide the one which will add more value to the firm. The ranking approach is taken into consideration while deciding the rank from good to bad. The best is then chosen for implementation (Garcia, 2009). Capital rationing is also a decisive factor influencing the decision regarding the project or to ascertain whether to go ahead with a particular investment. Capital rationing refers to the restriction on the amount of investment and funds on any wealth-improving project. Firm may be reluctant to add expense as there may be a conflict among the owners and the partnership may be diluting (Garcia, 2009). Market should support the fund or provide monetary aid to all those projects that will bring prosperity to the company. However, there might be some limitations on the part of the managers in terms of their expertise or using any specialized machinery. In these cases, the projects selection is done on the basis of the desirability and ranking simultaneously (Tajirian, 1997). For example- a transport company aspires to expand its business in five different cities. It either has the option to choose some routes to all the cities or to some cities or it can choose not to expand the route. In the cases similar to this, the company has to decide the project based on capital rationing. The decision as to which city the transport company has to expand its business in is the decisive factor. This is considered as short run constraint. Once the rationing is lifted and the short run constraints are over, company can go ahead and can hire more resources or can invest in a bigger project. The Decision Criteria: Net present value is used as a tool for the accept-reject any investment process. If the value of Net Present Value is greater than $0, the firm accepts the project. If the value of Net Present Value is less than $0, the firm rejects the project. In the first case, the firm will earn more return than the cost of the capital. This will increase the market value of the firm and consequently the wealth of its owners. IRR (Internal rate of Return) This is also a sophisticated capital budgeting technique. It can be described as compound annual rate of return, the company can expect to earn provided it invests in the project at a given cash inflow. The Decision Criteria If the Internal Rate of Return is greater than the cost of capital, the project is accepted. If it is less than the cost of capital, the project is rejected. This ensures that the firm can get at least the expected return. This will add to the market value and consequently the wealth of its owners. Payback period Payback Periods are used to measure proposed investments. This process is considered as an unsophisticated method of capital budgeting. Payback period is the amount of time required by a firm to get back or recover the investment that was done initially in a project. The Decision Criteria If the payback period is less that the maximum acceptable payback period, the project is accepted else it is rejected. The maximum acceptable payback period is a value that is set by the management. The decision is based on the type of project, expansion, renewal and other qualitative factors existing in the market. Current trends The capital budgeting process uses different techniques. Choosing and applying the best method is a challenge. Prior to the year 1980, managers were dependent mainly on the payback and other methods. The Net Present Value (NPV) method was not in practice then. By 1990, the usage of NPV was the maximum. The Internal rate of Return (IRR) method came into practice, but its popularity and usage were not at par with the NPV. Payback was the most popular method 40 years ago. Its use as the primary criteria has fallen drastically by 1980. Companies are still using the payback method as it is easy to calculate and can be modulated according to the managers wish, but it is not used as the primary measuring technique. Other methods are also not widely taken into consideration, as the IRR and NPV are giving results that are more accurate especially the NPV method (Brigham and Houston, 2007). Evaluation and analysis of techniques In any capital budgeting process, a project is accepted if it is assumed to increase the profit of the firm and thus bring more wealth to its owners or the stakeholders. Usually the Net Present value (NPV), the internal rate of return (IRR), profitability Index (PI) is used for calculating the viability of a particular investment project. Each of the technique includes the estimation of the costs incurred, savings and the revenue earned (inflow).The tax effect is also considered. It is though difficult and cumbersome to obtain the relevant dataset, but if used and administered in a relevant way, can fetch more revenue to the company. The net present value method is rather easy to interpret and analyze. This reflects the ways or the measure to transform the project into wealth, if it is accepted. The net present value has some drawbacks as well. It requires specific expertise to use and solve it. A sound knowledge of finance is also required to implement it. Any wrong calculation in the net present value may upset the entire project if there is capital rationing in the firm. Internal Rate of Return is the rate of return that a project generates. The Internal Rate of Return is comparatively easy to generate. The acceptance criteria though remain the same- profit factor of the stakeholders. The drawback lies in its usage. It requires a financial calculator to interpret. There are chances that in a particular project there are no IRR, or there are multiple IRRs. Probability Index (PI) is relatively easy to calculate and interpret the result. It shows the chances of receiving the amount of dollars per dollar invested. In those cases when there is capital rationing in the firm, the Probability Index technique is used and implemented. The drawback with the Probability Index technique is that it cannot be used if initially the money invested is from the savings or the revenue generated. Probability Index cannot be used straightforwardly if there are mutually exclusive projects. The strength of the payback period is its ease of usage, used by large firms to evaluate small projects. It is considered as a measure of risk exposure, many firms adopt this technique to help take other decisions. It also depicts the time value of money. The drawback of this technique is that it cannot be used for wealth maximization purpose. It only tells the maximum acceptable time to get back or recover the initial investment. It does not completely consider the time factor while deciding the value of money (Capital Budgeting Techniques, 2009). The capital budgeting process may provide some acceptance or rejection decisions in the independent projects. The problem arises with the mutually exclusive projects. There are chances of conflict arising while deciding between the mutually exclusive projects. The Net Present Value is always considered while arriving at any conclusion in cases of any conflict. The Net Present Value is more stable, conservative and gives results that are more realistic. The Pay back method is also used but in more complicated situations Net Present value can be used in almost circumstances and is considered superior to even internal rate of return. Inferences The whole theory and the structure of the capital budgeting is based upon two approaches-Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) on a large basis. The NPV is a better method than the IRR in many ways. The NPV yields more realistic and positive result. Some calculations give more than one IRR that makes it more difficult to understand and interpret. Practically, the financial decision makers consider the IRR a better alternative. They are more interested in understanding and measuring the rate of return than the actual dollar return. The business people find the NPV less interesting and lucrative, as it does not measure the profit based on the amount invested. There are many techniques and tools available for correcting the loopholes of the IRR technique. The financial business decision makers find it easier and comfortable to use the IRR technique. The IRR expresses the interest rate, profitability and so on are expressed as annual rate of return. Conclusion Capital budgeting is an important element in business. Capital budgeting can be considered as a tool used to understand and make correct estimate of relevant cash flow associated with proposed capital expenditure. The techniques are used for choosing the right investment plan. Decision on investments that take more time to mature should be based on the returns on that investment. The success of a firm is dependent on the kind of investment projects undertaken by the managers. The investment done can generate more revenue and add value to the firm. It is used in marketing, operations, accounting and so on. For example, the marketers can evaluate if they want to invest more in advertising or in sales force. A firm can lose large amount of money if the investment turns wrong. Decisions regarding which project to invest in, the expected value of return and the time to mature can be calculated and predicted. The need is a thorough understanding and the usage of the techniques involved. The time of completion, the investment, the reason for undertaking a project (social, economical or financial reason) can be chalked out with the help of the capital budgeting process. Capital budgeting is one of the crucial elements in business. One wrong decision can jeopardize the entire project and can result in wasting huge amount of money, if the investment results in an uneconomic act. References Baker, H.K. and English, P. (2011). Capital budgeting valuation: financial analysis fortodays investment projects. John Wiley Sons. Brigham, E.F. and Houston, J.F. (2007). Fundamentals of financial management. Thomson Learning. Capital budgeting techniques. (2009). Independent and mutually exclusive projects.Retrieved on Aug 23 2012 from capitalbudgetingtechniques.com/independent-and-mutually-exclusive-projects/ Garcia, N. (2009). Capital budgeting. Retrieved on Aug 21 2012 fromcsun.edu/~jpd45767/502/7%20-%20Capital%20Budgeting.pdf Graham, J., Smart, S.B., and Megginson, W. (2010). Corporate finance: linking theory towhat companies do. Cengage Learning. Peterson, P.P. and Fabozzi, F.J. (2002). Capital budgeting theory and practice. John Wiley Sons. Tajirian, A. (1997). The capital budgeting process. Retrieved on 22 Aug 2012 frommorevalue.com/i-reader/ftp/Ch9.PDF

Sunday, February 23, 2020

Marketing plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Marketing plan - Assignment Example er and better means of connectivity to consumers and masses around the globe have increasingly provided the seeds of birth to a highly popular virtual world, thanks to the widespread popularity provided by the massive surge of online social networks and various micro blogging sites. The rise of the virtual world is strong and its presence is being actively felt by individuals around the world, as they increasingly try to gather information, work or even relax in their daily lives, irrespective of their physical presence in diverse geographical locations around the world. However, it is of utmost importance to address the fact that the access to the virtual world is only restricted by the process of accessing the World Wide Web from various highly sophisticated and latest technology based digital gadgets like Smart phones and laptops. It is of utmost relevance in this case to state that all these technological gadgets are essentially is dependent on electrical battery, which in turn acknowledges electricity as the primary source of power. Hence charging up of the electrical gadgets is highly important for the purpose of maintaining connectivity with the entire world through the access of World Wide Web (http://travellingtwo.com/resources/keeping-gadgets-charged). However, while talking in terms of charging up of the electrical gadgets, it can be increasingly said that the customers all over the world face various issues while travelling, due to the non compatibility of the charging devices with the electricity outlets. Most of them increasingly resort to the process of carrying separate connectivity devices like universal Adapter and reverse voltage charger. Hence, a new product named ‘EasyConnect’ is being introduced in the market, which will help in the process of charging of technological gadgets in the market. The most unique advantage that is being provided by the new product ‘EasyConnect’ is that it will have the dual and integrated combinations of

Friday, February 7, 2020

Tsunami Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tsunami Analysis - Essay Example The process of research is the backbone to the preparation of any piece of academic writing. Research involves the processes of acknowledging sources, avoiding plagiarism, in-text referencing and preparation of references. According to an article from the University of Canberra, many students write their academic papers based on the ideas of other writers or authors. As a result, it is proper for these students to acknowledge sources since it gives credibility to the source or piece of writing being prepared. The acknowledgement of sources helps in supporting research conducted by the student or researcher. The article further clarifies that acknowledgement of sources gives authority to a piece of writing while at the same time it helps in avoiding plagiarism. Plagiarism is a crime that many students usually commit knowingly and unknowingly which can be avoided by properly acknowledging sources (Harbord, 2007). Finally the article gives examples of pieces of writing that could be con sidered as academic. Academic writing assignments include dissertations, literature reviews and annotated bibliographies which are commonly written by students. Dissertations can be short or long pieces of writing while literature reviews is a piece of writing that gives an overview of a research question or issue. Annotated bibliographies are also used in summarizing sources listed in the reference list and they are effective is shading light into the general idea expressed by the writer (Harbord, 2007). Different academic writing styles make use of citation styles such as APA, MLA and Harvard in acknowledging the sources from different authors. Generally, the article was important in giving... The paper tells that Asian Tsunami of the year 2004 did not spear the environment since several coastlands where the coastlines were redrawn leading to change in coastlines. For instance, the Andaman and Nicobar islands were severely destroyed by the Asian tsunami. Sea creatures were not speared in the aftermath of the tsunami as many sea animals were killed especially around the epicentre of the undersea earthquake. Once the ocean moved a lot of damage and catastrophe were noticed within a short period of time. The devastation led was noticed by the International community and many countries came along to the aid of the affected countries and people. Australia was one of the countries that came to the aid of the affected regions and people in the Asian region. Several Australian tourists who were holidaying in the region were evacuated with the help of the Australian governments. The tsunami was massive and it reached the coast of Australia but it did not cause a lot of damage. Aust ralia, the United States of America and several European countries mopped up funds and personnel aid to the Asian countries hit by the tsunami. Many people were displaced by the tsunami and they were in dire need of help thus help was extended to them. Most of these internally displaced people (IDP’s) lacked food, shelter, water and health services hence international community in conjunction with aid agencies such as the Red Cross and Medicine San Frontiers.